James VI and I (1566 – 1625) was King of Scotland as James VI from 1567 (age of thirteen months) and King of England and Ireland as James I from the union of the Scottish and English crowns in 1603 until his death. The kingdoms of Scotland and England were individual sovereign states, with their own parliaments, judiciary, and laws, though both were ruled by James in personal union. In 1603, he succeeded the last Tudor monarch of England and Ireland, Elizabeth I, who died without issue. He continued to reign in all three kingdoms for 22 years, a period known as the Jacobean era after him, until his death in 1625 at the age of 58. After the Union of the Crowns, he based himself in England from 1603, only returning to Scotland once in 1617, and styled himself "King of Great Britain and Ireland".
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